Schools -

Bible Dictionary

Schools
(in the early ages most of the instruction of young childrenwas by the parents. the leisure hours of the sabbaths andfestival days brought the parents in constant contact with thechildren. after the captivity schools came more into use, andat the time of christ were very abundant. the schools were inconnection with the synagogues, which were found in everyvillage of the city and land. their idea of the value ofschools may be gained from such sayings from the talmud as "theworld is preserved by the breath of the children in theschools;" "a town in which there are no schools must perish;""jerusalem was destroyed because the education of children wasneglected." josephus says, "our principal care is to educateour children." the talmud states that in bechar there were 400schools, having each 400 teachers, with 400 children each andthat there were 4000 pupils in the house of rabban simeonben-gamaliel. maimonides thus describes a school: "the teachersat at the head, and the pupils surrounded him as the crown thehead so that every one could see the teacher and hear hiswords. the teacher did not sit in a chair while the pupils saton the ground but all either sat on chairs or on the ground."the children read aloud to acquire fluency. the number ofschool-hours was limited, and during the heat of the summer wasonly four hours. the punishment employed was beating with astrap, never with a rod. the chief studies were their ownlanguage and literature the chief school-book the holyscriptures; and there were special efforts to impress lessonsof morality and chastity. besides these they studiedmathematics, astronomy and the natural sciences. beyond theschools for popular education there were higher schools orcolleges scattered throughout the cities where the jewsabounded

ed.)

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